Program 17: Independent ALU chains

Program catalogue · Instruction reference · Executable reference

Purpose

Provide a workload of interleaved, independent accumulator chains for later throughput comparisons.

This is one of the six workload fixtures. This page specifies its instructions and architectural result; pipeline cycles, stalls, and throughput are implementation-specific and are not established by this reference run.

Setup

Property	Value
Benchmark workload ID	program-17
Headless selection	--program 17
Visualizer scenario	rv32i-program17
Registered test	RV32ISingleCycleSystemTest/program-17
Instruction image	73 words, starting at 0x00000000; last word at 0x00000120
Initial state	PC = 0x00000000; all registers zero; neither halted nor trapped
Memories	Separate instruction and data memories, 256 KiB each; unlisted data bytes zero

Start address	Bytes, in increasing address order
None	—

The table lists the complete preloaded data image, not instruction bytes. No data image is required.

Register	Role established by the program
x1–x8	Eight accumulator chains; register xi starts at i and increments by i

The shared setup describes reset, loading, and the behavioral-core selection. These hand-written programs do not use the standard ABI stack.

Assembly

Every instruction word is shown, including words that a trap or branch may prevent from executing. Address and word comments identify the exact fixture image. The repeated blocks are fully expanded; there are no omitted instructions or runtime loop directives.

addi x1, x0, 1                 # 0x00000000 | 0x00100093
addi x2, x0, 2                 # 0x00000004 | 0x00200113
addi x3, x0, 3                 # 0x00000008 | 0x00300193
addi x4, x0, 4                 # 0x0000000C | 0x00400213
addi x5, x0, 5                 # 0x00000010 | 0x00500293
addi x6, x0, 6                 # 0x00000014 | 0x00600313
addi x7, x0, 7                 # 0x00000018 | 0x00700393
addi x8, x0, 8                 # 0x0000001C | 0x00800413
addi x1, x1, 1                 # 0x00000020 | 0x00108093
addi x2, x2, 2                 # 0x00000024 | 0x00210113
addi x3, x3, 3                 # 0x00000028 | 0x00318193
addi x4, x4, 4                 # 0x0000002C | 0x00420213
addi x5, x5, 5                 # 0x00000030 | 0x00528293
addi x6, x6, 6                 # 0x00000034 | 0x00630313
addi x7, x7, 7                 # 0x00000038 | 0x00738393
addi x8, x8, 8                 # 0x0000003C | 0x00840413
addi x1, x1, 1                 # 0x00000040 | 0x00108093
addi x2, x2, 2                 # 0x00000044 | 0x00210113
addi x3, x3, 3                 # 0x00000048 | 0x00318193
addi x4, x4, 4                 # 0x0000004C | 0x00420213
addi x5, x5, 5                 # 0x00000050 | 0x00528293
addi x6, x6, 6                 # 0x00000054 | 0x00630313
addi x7, x7, 7                 # 0x00000058 | 0x00738393
addi x8, x8, 8                 # 0x0000005C | 0x00840413
addi x1, x1, 1                 # 0x00000060 | 0x00108093
addi x2, x2, 2                 # 0x00000064 | 0x00210113
addi x3, x3, 3                 # 0x00000068 | 0x00318193
addi x4, x4, 4                 # 0x0000006C | 0x00420213
addi x5, x5, 5                 # 0x00000070 | 0x00528293
addi x6, x6, 6                 # 0x00000074 | 0x00630313
addi x7, x7, 7                 # 0x00000078 | 0x00738393
addi x8, x8, 8                 # 0x0000007C | 0x00840413
addi x1, x1, 1                 # 0x00000080 | 0x00108093
addi x2, x2, 2                 # 0x00000084 | 0x00210113
addi x3, x3, 3                 # 0x00000088 | 0x00318193
addi x4, x4, 4                 # 0x0000008C | 0x00420213
addi x5, x5, 5                 # 0x00000090 | 0x00528293
addi x6, x6, 6                 # 0x00000094 | 0x00630313
addi x7, x7, 7                 # 0x00000098 | 0x00738393
addi x8, x8, 8                 # 0x0000009C | 0x00840413
addi x1, x1, 1                 # 0x000000A0 | 0x00108093
addi x2, x2, 2                 # 0x000000A4 | 0x00210113
addi x3, x3, 3                 # 0x000000A8 | 0x00318193
addi x4, x4, 4                 # 0x000000AC | 0x00420213
addi x5, x5, 5                 # 0x000000B0 | 0x00528293
addi x6, x6, 6                 # 0x000000B4 | 0x00630313
addi x7, x7, 7                 # 0x000000B8 | 0x00738393
addi x8, x8, 8                 # 0x000000BC | 0x00840413
addi x1, x1, 1                 # 0x000000C0 | 0x00108093
addi x2, x2, 2                 # 0x000000C4 | 0x00210113
addi x3, x3, 3                 # 0x000000C8 | 0x00318193
addi x4, x4, 4                 # 0x000000CC | 0x00420213
addi x5, x5, 5                 # 0x000000D0 | 0x00528293
addi x6, x6, 6                 # 0x000000D4 | 0x00630313
addi x7, x7, 7                 # 0x000000D8 | 0x00738393
addi x8, x8, 8                 # 0x000000DC | 0x00840413
addi x1, x1, 1                 # 0x000000E0 | 0x00108093
addi x2, x2, 2                 # 0x000000E4 | 0x00210113
addi x3, x3, 3                 # 0x000000E8 | 0x00318193
addi x4, x4, 4                 # 0x000000EC | 0x00420213
addi x5, x5, 5                 # 0x000000F0 | 0x00528293
addi x6, x6, 6                 # 0x000000F4 | 0x00630313
addi x7, x7, 7                 # 0x000000F8 | 0x00738393
addi x8, x8, 8                 # 0x000000FC | 0x00840413
addi x1, x1, 1                 # 0x00000100 | 0x00108093
addi x2, x2, 2                 # 0x00000104 | 0x00210113
addi x3, x3, 3                 # 0x00000108 | 0x00318193
addi x4, x4, 4                 # 0x0000010C | 0x00420213
addi x5, x5, 5                 # 0x00000110 | 0x00528293
addi x6, x6, 6                 # 0x00000114 | 0x00630313
addi x7, x7, 7                 # 0x00000118 | 0x00738393
addi x8, x8, 8                 # 0x0000011C | 0x00840413
ebreak                         # 0x00000120 | 0x00100073

Execution

1. Eight setup instructions initialize x1 through x8 to 1 through 8.
2. Execute eight unrolled rounds. Each round increments every register by its own index: x1 += 1, ..., x8 += 8.
3. Each register finishes at nine times its index, giving 9, 18, 27, 36, 45, 54, 63, 72.
4. EBREAK follows the 72 ALU instructions, for 73 attempts total.

There is no branch loop in the image. Adjacent instructions use different accumulators; each chain's next update is eight instructions later. This is a workload shape, not a claim about the reference's cycle throughput.

Expected result

These are the fixture's explicit final-state assertions. Unlisted registers are not implicitly zero; their values follow the assembly. The store table enumerates every written byte, including zero-valued writes.

Item	Expected value	Meaning
x1	0x00000009	Register result
x2	0x00000012	Register result
x3	0x0000001B	Register result
x4	0x00000024	Register result
x5	0x0000002D	Register result
x6	0x00000036	Register result
x7	0x0000003F	Register result
x8	0x00000048	Register result
PC	0x00000120	EBREAK address
Attempts	73	Checkpoints I0–I72
HALTED	1	Project halt
TRAPPED	0	No exception
TRAP_CAUSE	0	None, a project enum code

Start address	Bytes, in increasing address order
None	—

No data writes occur; the initial data image is unchanged. No loads or stores occur. Pipeline timing belongs to the later implementation-specific evaluation.

Simulation and checkpoints

For a headless functional check, run build/rv32i_experiment --core single --program 17 --period 4000 --max-cycles 4096 --allocation-limit-mib 512. Select baseline or advanced for the same fixture on another core; add --fidelity reference for the structural-datapath reference profile. The explicit period is a scheduling choice, not a performance result. Use the campaign procedure for clock-certified measurements.

All 73 instruction attempts are included, with absolute simulator time and checkpoint number. The terminating EBREAK is included. The table is scrollable in both directions. Observation conventions distinguish these attempts from loaded word addresses and hardware cycles.

All 73 instruction-attempt checkpoints of RV32ISingleCycleSystemTest/program-17, with a behavioral core. Times are absolute simulator units, not milliseconds or an ISA latency.

Checkpoint	Time	Instruction / address	Expected architectural effects
I0	7080	ADDI @ 0x00000000	raw=0x00100093, pc_after=0x00000004, wb=x1=0x00000001, mem=None, flow=next
I1	11080	ADDI @ 0x00000004	raw=0x00200113, pc_after=0x00000008, wb=x2=0x00000002, mem=None, flow=next
I2	15080	ADDI @ 0x00000008	raw=0x00300193, pc_after=0x0000000c, wb=x3=0x00000003, mem=None, flow=next
I3	19080	ADDI @ 0x0000000c	raw=0x00400213, pc_after=0x00000010, wb=x4=0x00000004, mem=None, flow=next
I4	23080	ADDI @ 0x00000010	raw=0x00500293, pc_after=0x00000014, wb=x5=0x00000005, mem=None, flow=next
I5	27080	ADDI @ 0x00000014	raw=0x00600313, pc_after=0x00000018, wb=x6=0x00000006, mem=None, flow=next
I6	31080	ADDI @ 0x00000018	raw=0x00700393, pc_after=0x0000001c, wb=x7=0x00000007, mem=None, flow=next
I7	35080	ADDI @ 0x0000001c	raw=0x00800413, pc_after=0x00000020, wb=x8=0x00000008, mem=None, flow=next
I8	39080	ADDI @ 0x00000020	raw=0x00108093, pc_after=0x00000024, wb=x1=0x00000002, mem=None, flow=next
I9	43080	ADDI @ 0x00000024	raw=0x00210113, pc_after=0x00000028, wb=x2=0x00000004, mem=None, flow=next
I10	47080	ADDI @ 0x00000028	raw=0x00318193, pc_after=0x0000002c, wb=x3=0x00000006, mem=None, flow=next
I11	51080	ADDI @ 0x0000002c	raw=0x00420213, pc_after=0x00000030, wb=x4=0x00000008, mem=None, flow=next
I12	55080	ADDI @ 0x00000030	raw=0x00528293, pc_after=0x00000034, wb=x5=0x0000000a, mem=None, flow=next
I13	59080	ADDI @ 0x00000034	raw=0x00630313, pc_after=0x00000038, wb=x6=0x0000000c, mem=None, flow=next
I14	63080	ADDI @ 0x00000038	raw=0x00738393, pc_after=0x0000003c, wb=x7=0x0000000e, mem=None, flow=next
I15	67080	ADDI @ 0x0000003c	raw=0x00840413, pc_after=0x00000040, wb=x8=0x00000010, mem=None, flow=next
I16	71080	ADDI @ 0x00000040	raw=0x00108093, pc_after=0x00000044, wb=x1=0x00000003, mem=None, flow=next
I17	75080	ADDI @ 0x00000044	raw=0x00210113, pc_after=0x00000048, wb=x2=0x00000006, mem=None, flow=next
I18	79080	ADDI @ 0x00000048	raw=0x00318193, pc_after=0x0000004c, wb=x3=0x00000009, mem=None, flow=next
I19	83080	ADDI @ 0x0000004c	raw=0x00420213, pc_after=0x00000050, wb=x4=0x0000000c, mem=None, flow=next
I20	87080	ADDI @ 0x00000050	raw=0x00528293, pc_after=0x00000054, wb=x5=0x0000000f, mem=None, flow=next
I21	91080	ADDI @ 0x00000054	raw=0x00630313, pc_after=0x00000058, wb=x6=0x00000012, mem=None, flow=next
I22	95080	ADDI @ 0x00000058	raw=0x00738393, pc_after=0x0000005c, wb=x7=0x00000015, mem=None, flow=next
I23	99080	ADDI @ 0x0000005c	raw=0x00840413, pc_after=0x00000060, wb=x8=0x00000018, mem=None, flow=next
I24	103080	ADDI @ 0x00000060	raw=0x00108093, pc_after=0x00000064, wb=x1=0x00000004, mem=None, flow=next
I25	107080	ADDI @ 0x00000064	raw=0x00210113, pc_after=0x00000068, wb=x2=0x00000008, mem=None, flow=next
I26	111080	ADDI @ 0x00000068	raw=0x00318193, pc_after=0x0000006c, wb=x3=0x0000000c, mem=None, flow=next
I27	115080	ADDI @ 0x0000006c	raw=0x00420213, pc_after=0x00000070, wb=x4=0x00000010, mem=None, flow=next
I28	119080	ADDI @ 0x00000070	raw=0x00528293, pc_after=0x00000074, wb=x5=0x00000014, mem=None, flow=next
I29	123080	ADDI @ 0x00000074	raw=0x00630313, pc_after=0x00000078, wb=x6=0x00000018, mem=None, flow=next
I30	127080	ADDI @ 0x00000078	raw=0x00738393, pc_after=0x0000007c, wb=x7=0x0000001c, mem=None, flow=next
I31	131080	ADDI @ 0x0000007c	raw=0x00840413, pc_after=0x00000080, wb=x8=0x00000020, mem=None, flow=next
I32	135080	ADDI @ 0x00000080	raw=0x00108093, pc_after=0x00000084, wb=x1=0x00000005, mem=None, flow=next
I33	139080	ADDI @ 0x00000084	raw=0x00210113, pc_after=0x00000088, wb=x2=0x0000000a, mem=None, flow=next
I34	143080	ADDI @ 0x00000088	raw=0x00318193, pc_after=0x0000008c, wb=x3=0x0000000f, mem=None, flow=next
I35	147080	ADDI @ 0x0000008c	raw=0x00420213, pc_after=0x00000090, wb=x4=0x00000014, mem=None, flow=next
I36	151080	ADDI @ 0x00000090	raw=0x00528293, pc_after=0x00000094, wb=x5=0x00000019, mem=None, flow=next
I37	155080	ADDI @ 0x00000094	raw=0x00630313, pc_after=0x00000098, wb=x6=0x0000001e, mem=None, flow=next
I38	159080	ADDI @ 0x00000098	raw=0x00738393, pc_after=0x0000009c, wb=x7=0x00000023, mem=None, flow=next
I39	163080	ADDI @ 0x0000009c	raw=0x00840413, pc_after=0x000000a0, wb=x8=0x00000028, mem=None, flow=next
I40	167080	ADDI @ 0x000000a0	raw=0x00108093, pc_after=0x000000a4, wb=x1=0x00000006, mem=None, flow=next
I41	171080	ADDI @ 0x000000a4	raw=0x00210113, pc_after=0x000000a8, wb=x2=0x0000000c, mem=None, flow=next
I42	175080	ADDI @ 0x000000a8	raw=0x00318193, pc_after=0x000000ac, wb=x3=0x00000012, mem=None, flow=next
I43	179080	ADDI @ 0x000000ac	raw=0x00420213, pc_after=0x000000b0, wb=x4=0x00000018, mem=None, flow=next
I44	183080	ADDI @ 0x000000b0	raw=0x00528293, pc_after=0x000000b4, wb=x5=0x0000001e, mem=None, flow=next
I45	187080	ADDI @ 0x000000b4	raw=0x00630313, pc_after=0x000000b8, wb=x6=0x00000024, mem=None, flow=next
I46	191080	ADDI @ 0x000000b8	raw=0x00738393, pc_after=0x000000bc, wb=x7=0x0000002a, mem=None, flow=next
I47	195080	ADDI @ 0x000000bc	raw=0x00840413, pc_after=0x000000c0, wb=x8=0x00000030, mem=None, flow=next
I48	199080	ADDI @ 0x000000c0	raw=0x00108093, pc_after=0x000000c4, wb=x1=0x00000007, mem=None, flow=next
I49	203080	ADDI @ 0x000000c4	raw=0x00210113, pc_after=0x000000c8, wb=x2=0x0000000e, mem=None, flow=next
I50	207080	ADDI @ 0x000000c8	raw=0x00318193, pc_after=0x000000cc, wb=x3=0x00000015, mem=None, flow=next
I51	211080	ADDI @ 0x000000cc	raw=0x00420213, pc_after=0x000000d0, wb=x4=0x0000001c, mem=None, flow=next
I52	215080	ADDI @ 0x000000d0	raw=0x00528293, pc_after=0x000000d4, wb=x5=0x00000023, mem=None, flow=next
I53	219080	ADDI @ 0x000000d4	raw=0x00630313, pc_after=0x000000d8, wb=x6=0x0000002a, mem=None, flow=next
I54	223080	ADDI @ 0x000000d8	raw=0x00738393, pc_after=0x000000dc, wb=x7=0x00000031, mem=None, flow=next
I55	227080	ADDI @ 0x000000dc	raw=0x00840413, pc_after=0x000000e0, wb=x8=0x00000038, mem=None, flow=next
I56	231080	ADDI @ 0x000000e0	raw=0x00108093, pc_after=0x000000e4, wb=x1=0x00000008, mem=None, flow=next
I57	235080	ADDI @ 0x000000e4	raw=0x00210113, pc_after=0x000000e8, wb=x2=0x00000010, mem=None, flow=next
I58	239080	ADDI @ 0x000000e8	raw=0x00318193, pc_after=0x000000ec, wb=x3=0x00000018, mem=None, flow=next
I59	243080	ADDI @ 0x000000ec	raw=0x00420213, pc_after=0x000000f0, wb=x4=0x00000020, mem=None, flow=next
I60	247080	ADDI @ 0x000000f0	raw=0x00528293, pc_after=0x000000f4, wb=x5=0x00000028, mem=None, flow=next
I61	251080	ADDI @ 0x000000f4	raw=0x00630313, pc_after=0x000000f8, wb=x6=0x00000030, mem=None, flow=next
I62	255080	ADDI @ 0x000000f8	raw=0x00738393, pc_after=0x000000fc, wb=x7=0x00000038, mem=None, flow=next
I63	259080	ADDI @ 0x000000fc	raw=0x00840413, pc_after=0x00000100, wb=x8=0x00000040, mem=None, flow=next
I64	263080	ADDI @ 0x00000100	raw=0x00108093, pc_after=0x00000104, wb=x1=0x00000009, mem=None, flow=next
I65	267080	ADDI @ 0x00000104	raw=0x00210113, pc_after=0x00000108, wb=x2=0x00000012, mem=None, flow=next
I66	271080	ADDI @ 0x00000108	raw=0x00318193, pc_after=0x0000010c, wb=x3=0x0000001b, mem=None, flow=next
I67	275080	ADDI @ 0x0000010c	raw=0x00420213, pc_after=0x00000110, wb=x4=0x00000024, mem=None, flow=next
I68	279080	ADDI @ 0x00000110	raw=0x00528293, pc_after=0x00000114, wb=x5=0x0000002d, mem=None, flow=next
I69	283080	ADDI @ 0x00000114	raw=0x00630313, pc_after=0x00000118, wb=x6=0x00000036, mem=None, flow=next
I70	287080	ADDI @ 0x00000118	raw=0x00738393, pc_after=0x0000011c, wb=x7=0x0000003f, mem=None, flow=next
I71	291080	ADDI @ 0x0000011c	raw=0x00840413, pc_after=0x00000120, wb=x8=0x00000048, mem=None, flow=next
I72	295080	EBREAK @ 0x00000120	raw=0x00100073, pc_after=0x00000120, wb=None, mem=None, flow=next, halted=true

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